ISSN : 1226-6809(Print)
ISSN : 2466-0698(Online)
ISSN : 2466-0698(Online)
Correction Review Vol.74 No. pp.227-256
DOI : https://doi.org/10.14819/krscs.2017.27.1.8.227
DOI : https://doi.org/10.14819/krscs.2017.27.1.8.227
Effective Leadership of Warden at Correctional Facility and the Future Directions
Abstract
This study is to present appropriate correctional leadership of wardens and core
tasks that are often required to be fulfilled by wardens. Since the 2000s, there have
been a lot of changes around correctional administration and correctional leadership
has been also requested for change. However, there has not been academic research
or attentions from the public about correctional leadership. As a chief of a
correctional facility, a warden takes in charge of wide range of work. Thus, abilities
of a warden have decisive impacts on implementing correctional goals. However, the
focus of research on corrections has been about inmate rehabilitation, the
effectiveness of reintegration of inmates into the society, and inmate management.
A warden is commonly viewed as an authoritarian figure who controls and exerts
influence on staff and inmates. Most wardens have presented the perspectives of
transactional leadership which means that warden solves many issues that a
correctional facility challenges based upon a variety of knowledge and experiences
earned from previous career. Transactional leadership would be effective in the past
which was relatively stable, but recent corrections have new challenges that cannot
be solved with the use of previous experiences. Therefore, correctional leadership
should be redirected toward transfromational leadership which is based on principles
rather than practice and on motivating people to find solution to new problems. For
the improvement of correctional leadership, it is necessary to realize the importance
of correctional leadership, especially for leadership of warden. Last but not least, establishment of educational system for leadership building and guidelines for
effective implementation of leadership of warden.
tasks that are often required to be fulfilled by wardens. Since the 2000s, there have
been a lot of changes around correctional administration and correctional leadership
has been also requested for change. However, there has not been academic research
or attentions from the public about correctional leadership. As a chief of a
correctional facility, a warden takes in charge of wide range of work. Thus, abilities
of a warden have decisive impacts on implementing correctional goals. However, the
focus of research on corrections has been about inmate rehabilitation, the
effectiveness of reintegration of inmates into the society, and inmate management.
A warden is commonly viewed as an authoritarian figure who controls and exerts
influence on staff and inmates. Most wardens have presented the perspectives of
transactional leadership which means that warden solves many issues that a
correctional facility challenges based upon a variety of knowledge and experiences
earned from previous career. Transactional leadership would be effective in the past
which was relatively stable, but recent corrections have new challenges that cannot
be solved with the use of previous experiences. Therefore, correctional leadership
should be redirected toward transfromational leadership which is based on principles
rather than practice and on motivating people to find solution to new problems. For
the improvement of correctional leadership, it is necessary to realize the importance
of correctional leadership, especially for leadership of warden. Last but not least, establishment of educational system for leadership building and guidelines for
effective implementation of leadership of warden.
교정시설 소장의 효과적인 리더십과 향후 발전방향
초록
이 연구는 우리나라 교정시설 소장의 바람직한 리더십과 기관장으로서 소장이 갖추 어야 할 핵심 역량을 제시하고자 수행되었다. 2000년대 이후 교정행정을 둘러싼 많은 변화와 함께 소장의 리더십도 변화의 필요성이 제기되어 왔으나 이에 대한 연구나 대중 의 관심은 거의 없었다. 소장은 교정시설을 운영함에 있어 다양한 범위의 업무를 수행 하고 있으므로 기관의 리더의 역량이 교정행정의 목표를 달성하는데 있어 큰 역할을 한다. 하지만 현재까지 교정행정에 있어서 연구의 중심은 수용자 교정교화 및 사회복귀 를 위한 프로그램의 효과성 및 수용관리 측면에 집중되어 왔다. 수용관리를 책임지는 교정시설의 소장은 교정시설과 직원, 수용자를 통제하고 영향력을 발휘하는 권위적인 인물로 인식되어 왔다. 지금까지 교정행정에서 대부분의 소장은 그동안의 근무경험에 서 얻은 폭넓은 지식과 다양한 경험을 통해 기관이 직면하는 다양한 이슈들에 대한 답 과 방향을 제시하는 거래적 리더십의 특성을 보이는 것이 일반적이었다. 이러한 거래적 리더십은 상대적으로 안정적이었던 과거 교정행정 환경에서는 효과적이었으나, 최근 교정행정은 과거의 경험에 의존해서는 해결할 수 없는 새로운 문제들이 발생하고 있다. 따라서 이제는 교정시설 소장들의 리더십도 기존의 거래적 리더십에서 경험에 의존하 기 보다는 원칙에 기초하여 문제를 처리하고 동기부여를 통해 공동의 역량으로 해결책 을 찾아나가는 변혁적 리더십으로의 방향 선회가 필요하다. 향후 소장이 교정시설의 리 더로서 기획, 인사관리, 지시, 통제와 관련한 역량을 개발할 수 있도록 장기적 관점에서 의 지원이 필요하며, 교정시설 소장의 리더십 향상을 위해서는 소장 리더십의 중요성에 대한 인식 개선, 리더십 관련 교육훈련 체계 확충, 효과적인 소장의 리더십에 대한 가이 드 라인 확립 등이 무엇보다도 필요하다.