ISSN : 1226-6809(Print)
ISSN : 2466-0698(Online)
ISSN : 2466-0698(Online)
Correction Review Vol.74 No. pp.27-53
DOI : https://doi.org/10.14819/krscs.2017.27.1.2.27
DOI : https://doi.org/10.14819/krscs.2017.27.1.2.27
The Characteristics of Correctional Facilities and the Reformational Practices of Prison Security System
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to reform the prison ‘security-level’ system pursuant to the characteristics of correctional facilities. Correctional facilities that perform the function of segregation of criminals from the society and returning them to the society are necessary to have an appropriate security-level. In Korea, the correctional facilities are classified into four categories of security-level such as maximum, general, minimum, and open security facilities, and the prisoners who are accommodated in the facilities according to each ‘security and treatment level’ are also treated as maximum(S1), general(S2), minimum(S3), and open(S4). The security-level of a correctional facility is specified according to the likelihood of recidivism and risk of re-offending. The ‘security and treatment level’ of each prisoner is determined according to the risk of escape, the tendency of re-offending, improvement, and earned credit through classification screening.
Although it is desirable that the prisoners of the ‘security and treatment level’ corresponding to the security-level are accommodated for each correctional facility, most of the correctional facilities are mixed with various ‘security and treatment level’ prisoners from S1 to S4. Almost all of the correctional facilities are housed with the other ‘security and treatment level’s who do not meet the security-level. In addition, all the correctional facilities in the country except an open prison are constructed uniformly regardless of the security-level, with almost the same security management. As a solution, it is necessary to revise the legislations so as not to match the security-level with the ‘security and treatment level’, and to designate most of the correctional facilities as mixed-security facilities so that they can be treated gradually as promoted in the same correction facility.
Although it is desirable that the prisoners of the ‘security and treatment level’ corresponding to the security-level are accommodated for each correctional facility, most of the correctional facilities are mixed with various ‘security and treatment level’ prisoners from S1 to S4. Almost all of the correctional facilities are housed with the other ‘security and treatment level’s who do not meet the security-level. In addition, all the correctional facilities in the country except an open prison are constructed uniformly regardless of the security-level, with almost the same security management. As a solution, it is necessary to revise the legislations so as not to match the security-level with the ‘security and treatment level’, and to designate most of the correctional facilities as mixed-security facilities so that they can be treated gradually as promoted in the same correction facility.
교정시설의 특성과 경비등급제도 개선방안
초록
이 연구는 오늘날 교정시설의 특성에 맞도록 경비등급제도를 개선하고자 하는 데에 목적이 있다. 범죄인을 사회로부터 격리구금하고 사회에 복귀시키는 기능을 수행하는 교정시설은 적정한 수준의 경비가 필수적이다. 우리나라는 교정시설을 중경비시설, 일 반경비시설, 완화경비시설, 개방시설 등의 네 가지 경비등급으로 분류하여 지정하고, 각 경비등급에 따른 교정시설에 수용되는 수형자도 중경비처우, 일반경비처우, 완화경 비처우, 개방처우 등의 경비처우급으로 처우하고 있다. 각 교정시설의 경비등급은 수용 되는 범죄자의 재범가능성과 사회적 위험성 등에 따라 지정된다. 각 수용자의 경비처우 급은 분류심사 결과 나타난 도주 등의 위험성에 따라 보안 및 계호의 수준이 정해지고, 범죄성향의 진전과 개선정도, 교정성적에 따라 처우 수준이 정해진다. 각 교정시설마다 그 경비등급에 맞는 경비처우급의 수용자가 수용되는 것이 바람직 하나, 대부분의 교정시설에서 S1급과 S4급 사이의 다양한 경비처우급 수용자가 혼합 수용되어 있다. 거의 모든 교정시설에서 해당 시설의 경비등급에 부합하지 않는 경비처우급 수용자가 수용되어 있는 것이다. 또한, 개방교도소를 제외한 전국의 모든 교정시 설이 거의 동일한 보안・계호 수준을 유지하는 등 경비등급과 관계없이 획일적으로 건축 되어 있다. 그 해결방안으로, 법령을 개정하여 경비등급과 경비처우급을 일치시키지 않 도록 하고, 대부분의 교정시설을 혼합 경비등급의 시설로 지정하여 같은 교정시설 내에 서도 다양한 단계적 처우가 가능하도록 하는 것이 필요하다.