Faced with heinous juvenile crimes, increase in chronic juvenile offenders and lowered age of juvenile offenders, identifying root causes of juvenile delinquents and developing long-term perspective crime prevention are demanded. To identify root causes of juvenile delinquency, the current study investigated motivational factors of juvenile offenders at the Gimcheon Boy Correctional Institution, which is the only Juvenile Prison in South Korea. As juvenile inmates at the Gimcheon Boy Correctional Institution are housed through juvenile waiver system, it is possible to understand motivational factors of chronic offenders and felony offenders. For this study, 144 juvenile inmates at the Gimcheon Boy Correctional Institution participated in the survey. As comparison group, youth participants from Choi and Park's 2013 research were used. The research results demonstrate that the majority of juvenile inmates experienced change of parental care. Both of their parents' educational levels and economic status are rather lower than those of general youth. Over half of the respondents had experienced probation, and juvenile correctional facilities. The most crime type is "rape" (42.4%) followed by theft (22.2%), robbery (13.9%), aggrevated assault(10.5%). Regarding the self-control, contrary to theory, juvenile inmates demonstrate higher self-control than general youths. Consistent to theory, juvenile inmate show lower social bonds and higher association with delinquent peers, positive attitudes toward delinquents, and higher informal labeling than general youths. However, regarding the general strain, juvenile inmates demonstrate lower strain level in academic performance and relations with friends than general youths while juvenile inmates show higher strain level in achieving goals and relations with parents. According to the ANOVA and Cross-tab analysis, differences among 6 crime types are not statistically significant. Based on the research results, enhancing welfare supports for single parent/grandparent family, parental education at the school setting, educational supports for at-risk youths with low scholastic achievement and minimizing labeling effects for juvenile delinquents are presented as policy implications. The results of current study is expected to provide useful information for developing effective juvenile crime prevention strategies.